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MATHEMATICS

Higher Engineering Mathematics by Dr. B.S. Grewal

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Example :- Design RCC column which carries 1200kN load with 3.5 m length. Assume M20 grade concrete and Fe415 grade steel

Example :- Design RCC column which carries 1200kN load with 3.5 m length. Assume M20 grade concrete and Fe415 grade steel Since given load is 1200kN we need to make that to factored load Factored load = 1.5X1200 =1800 KN Step 1: Calculation of Ac by assuming Asc By assuming the percentage of steel as 1% of the gross area Asc =(1/100)Ag So Asc = 0.01Ag And also we have Ag = Ac + Asc By substituting the Asc value we can easily get Asc So Ac = Ag-0.01Ag So finally Ac = 0.99Ag Step 2: Calculation of dimensions of the column by using Ag Since we have Pu=0.45fckAc+0.67fyAsc By substituting the values 1800X10 3 =0.45X20X0.99Ag+0.67X415X0.01Ag By calculation we can get Ag = 153971.173 mm 2 By taking column as square section which is having a side area of the rectangle is a 2 . So a 2 = 153971.173 mm 2 And Finally a = 392.39 mm So, Take a as 400 mm. Now the next step is checking for the e min Since e min = (L/500) + (D/3...

The Math Behind Load Transfer Mechanisms in Framed Structures

What is a Framed Structure? A framed structure is a type of construction that is made up of various structural elements, such as slabs, beams, columns, and foundations, that work together to transfer and distribute loads throughout the building. Load Transfer Mechanism in Framed Structures: The load transfer mechanism in a framed structure refers to the way that loads are transmitted from one element to another and eventually to the ground. In a framed structure, loads are introduced into the structure through various means, such as gravity, wind, earthquakes, and other external forces. These loads are then transferred from one element to another, through stress and deformation in the material, until they reach the foundation where they are transferred to the ground . Load transfer in slabs: The load transfer in a framed structure starts with the slabs which are flat horizontal surfaces made with a combination of concrete and steel. The total load of...

What Is Civil Engineering ?

What Is Civil Engineering ? Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including public works such as roads, bridges, canals, dams, airports, sewage systems, pipelines, structural components of buildings, and railways 1 . It is traditionally broken into a number of sub-disciplines and is considered the second-oldest engineering discipline after military engineering 1 . Civil engineering can take place in the public sector from municipal public works departments through to federal government agencies, and in the private sector from locally based firms to global Fortune 500 comp anies 1 .

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